Lower Sorbian Personalities

Lower Lusatia has produced numerous personalities whose literary, scholarly and cultural work has had a lasting impact on Sorbian/Wendish identity.

Mato Kosyk | Matthias Kossick | Matthew Kossik

18.06.1853 Wjerbno | Werben
† 22.11.1940 Albion | Oklahoma (USA)

Mato Kosyk, the eldest son of a farmer from Werben, is regarded as one of the most important writers of Lower Sorbian literature. His childhood was shaped by the Wendish language as well as by the customs and songs of his homeland. After attending grammar school in Cottbus, which he had to leave prematurely for financial reasons, he moved to Leipzig and worked for the railway. There he met the student Arnošt Muka, who encouraged him to develop his poetic skills through self-study.

Following a serious illness, Kosyk returned to Werben and worked as a writer. During this period he produced works such as The Wendish Wedding in the Spreewald as well as numerous poems and lyrical texts. He was active in Maśica Serbska, the Lower Sorbian scholarly association, and contributed to the newspaper Bramborske Nowiny.

In 1883 Kosyk emigrated to the United States, where he studied theology and served as a pastor in various congregations. Despite his successful life in America, his longing for Lusatia remained strong throughout his life. In 1886 he visited his homeland for the last time but was unable to secure a pastoral position in Germany and returned to the United States. He spent his final years as a pensioner and farmer in Albion, Oklahoma.

His works remain an enduring legacy of Lower Sorbian literature. In his honour, the primary school in Brjazyna | Briesen now bears his name.

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Bogumił Šwjela | Gotthold Schwela

05.09.1873 Skjarbošc | Schorbus
† 20.05.1948 near Naumburg

Bogumił Šwjela was a formative figure in Lower Sorbian culture and language. Born the son of the cantor and teacher Christian Schwela, he spent his childhood in Schorbus and, after completing grammar school, studied theology and Slavic studies in Halle and Berlin. Following periods as a private tutor in Potsdam and as an assistant pastor in Cottbus, he became a pastor in Nochten and later in Dešno | Dissen.

Šwjela was deeply committed to the cultivation and preservation of the Lower Sorbian language. He published works by Mato Kosyk, founded the Serbska knigłownja with translations from Slavic languages, and prepared manuscripts for German–Lower Sorbian dictionaries. He also collected material for The Field Names of the District of Cottbus. As a co-founder of Domowina in 1912, he played a decisive role in shaping its direction and served as its Deputy Chair. He was likewise active in Maśica Serbska and worked as an editor of Lower Sorbian newspapers.

After Wendish church services were banned in 1941, Šwjela moved to Rudolstadt. On his way back to Lusatia, he died near Naumburg in 1948. In his honour, a monument has stood in Dešno | Dissen since 1969, and a street in Neu-Schmellwitz in Chóśebuz | Cottbus bears his name.

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Mina Witkojc | Wilhelmine Wittka

28.05.1893 Bórkowy | Burg (Spreewald)
† 11.11.1975 Popojce | Papitz

Mina Witkojc, born into modest circumstances in Burg (Spreewald), became one of the most important poets and publicists of the Lower Sorbian language. After completing primary school, she initially worked as a domestic servant in Berlin and later in agriculture in Burg. In 1922 she moved to Budyšin | Bautzen, where she received Sorbian language instruction from Arnošt Muka and worked as an editor for Sorbian newspapers and journals such as Serbski Casnik.

Throughout her life, Witkojc was committed to the Lower Sorbian language and culture. She was a member of Maśica Serbska, wrote poems, articles and reports, and travelled to various Slavic countries to advocate politically for minorities. After being banned from working and residing in Lusatia during the Second World War, she returned to Burg in 1954.

Today, the primary and secondary school in Burg, as well as the Spreewald Library, bear her name. A street in the Neu-Schmellwitz district of Chóśebuz | Cottbus has also been named in her honour. The Brandenburg Ministry for Science, Research and Culture awards the Mina Witkojc Prize every two years.

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